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Glossary of Military Terms
land control operations
The employment of ground forces, supported by naval and
air forces (as appropriate) to achieve military objectives in
vital land areas. Such operations include destruction of
opposing ground forces, securing key terrain, protection of
vital land lines of communications, and establishment of local
military superiority in areas of land operations. See also sea
control operations.
land forces
Personnel, weapon systems, vehicles, and support elements
operating on land to accomplish assigned missions and tasks.
landing aid
Any illuminating light, radio beacon, radar device,
communicating device, or any system of such devices for aiding
aircraft in an approach and landing.
landing approach
The continuously changing position of an aircraft in
space directed toward effecting a landing on a predetermined
area.
landing area
1. That part of the operational area within which are
conducted the landing operations of an amphibious force. It
includes the beach, the approaches to the beach, the transport
areas, the fire support areas, the airspace occupied by close
supporting aircraft, and the land included in the advance inland
to the initial objective. 2. (Airborne) The general area used
for landing troops and materiel either by airdrop or air
landing. This area includes one or more drop zones or landing
strips. 3. Any specially prepared or selected surface of land,
water, or deck designated or used for takeoff and landing of
aircraft. See also airfield; amphibious force; landing beach;
landing force.
landing attack
An attack against enemy defenses by troops landed from
ships, aircraft, boats, or amphibious vehicles. See also
assault.
landing beach
That portion of a shoreline usually required for the
landing of a battalion landing team. However, it may also be
that portion of a shoreline constituting a tactical locality
(such as the shore of a bay) over which a force larger or
smaller than a battalion landing team may be landed.
landing craft
A craft employed in amphibious operations, specifically
designed for carrying troops and their equipment and for
beaching, unloading, and retracting. It is also used for
resupply operations.
landing craft and amphibious vehicle assignment table
A table showing the assignment of personnel and materiel
to each landing craft and amphibious vehicle and the assignment
of the landing craft and amphibious vehicles to waves for the
ship-to-shore movement.
landing craft availability table
A tabulation of the type and number of landing craft that
will be available from each ship of the transport group. The
table is the basis for the assignment of landing craft to the
boat groups for the ship-to-shore movement.
landing diagram
A graphic means of illustrating the plan for the
ship-to-shore movement.
landing force
A Marine Corps or Army task organization formed to conduct
amphibious operations. The landing force, together with the
amphibious task force and other forces, constitute the
amphibious force. Also called LF. See also amphibious force;
amphibious operation; amphibious task force; task organization.
landing force supplies
Those supplies remaining in assault shipping after initial
combat supplies and floating dumps have been unloaded. They are
landed selectively in accordance with the requirements of the
landing force until the situation ashore permits the inception
of general unloading.
landing force support party
A temporary landing force organization composed of Navy
and landing force elements, that facilitates the
ship-to-shoremovement and provides initial combat support and
combat servicesupport to the landing force. The landing force
support party isbrought into existence by a formal activation
order issued by thecommander, landing force. Also called LFSP.
See also combat service support; combat support; landing force;
ship-to-shore movement.
landing group
In amphibious operations, a subordinate task organization
of the landing force capable of conducting landing operations,
under a single tactical command, against a position or group of
positions.
landing group commander
In amphibious operations, the officer designated by the
commander, landing force as the single tactical commander of a
subordinate task organization capable of conducting landing
operations against a position or group of positions. See also
amphibious operation; commander, landing force.
landing mat
A prefabricated, portable mat so designed that any
number of planks (sections) may be rapidly fastened together to
form surfacing for emergency runways, landing beaches, etc.
landing plan
1. In amphibious operations, a collective term referring
to all individually prepared naval and landing force documents
that, taken together, present in detail all instructions for
execution of the ship-to-shore movement. 2. In airlift
operations, the sequence, method of delivery, and place of
arrival of troops and materiel
landing point
A point within a landing site where one helicopter
or vertical takeoff and landing aircraft can land. See also
airfield.
landing roll
The movement of an aircraft from touchdown through
deceleration to taxi speed or full stop.
landing schedule
In an amphibious operation, a schedule that shows the
beach, hour, and priorities of landing of assault units, and
which coordinates the movements of landing craft from the
transports to the beach in order to execute the scheme of
maneuver ashore.
landing sequence table
A document that incorporates the detailed plans for
ship-to-shore movement of nonscheduled units.
landing ship
An assault ship which is designed for long sea
voyages and for rapid unloading over and on to a beach.
landing ship dock
A ship designed to transport and launch loaded
amphibious craft and/or amphibian vehicles with their crews and
embarked personnel and/or equipment and to render limited
docking and repair services to small ships and craft. Also
called LSD.
landing signal officer
Officer responsible for the visual control of aircraft in
the terminal phase of the approach immediately prior to landing.
Also called LSO. See also terminal phase.
landing site
1. A site within a landing zone containing one or
more landing points. See also airfield. 2. In amphibious
operations, a continuous segment of coastline over which troops,
equipment and supplies can be landed by surface means.
landing threshold
The beginning of that portion of a runway usable for
landing.
landing zone
Any specified zone used for the landing of aircraft.
Also called LZ. See also airfield.
landing zone control
See pathfinder drop zone control.
landing zone control party
Personnel specially trained and equipped to
establish and operate communications devices from the ground for
traffic control of aircraft/helicopters for a specific landing
zone.
landmark
A feature, either natural or artificial, that can be
accurately determined on the ground from a grid reference.
land mine warfare
See mine warfare.
land search
The search of terrain by Earth-bound personnel.
lane marker
In land mine warfare, sign used to mark a minefield
lane. Lane markers, at the entrance to and exit from the lane,
may be referenced to a landmark or intermediate marker. See also
marker; minefield lane.
lap
In naval mine warfare, that section or strip of an
area assigned to a single sweeper or formation of sweepers for a
run through the area.
lap course
In naval mine warfare, the true course desired to be
made good during a run along a lap.
lap track
In naval mine warfare, the center line of a lap;
ideally, the track to be followed by the sweep or detecting
gear.
lap turn
In naval mine warfare, the maneuver a minesweeper
carries out during the period between the completion of one run
and the commencement of the run immediately following.
lap width
In naval mine warfare, the swept path of the ship or
formation divided by the percentage coverage being swept to.
large-lot storage
A quantity of material that will require four or more
pallet columns stored to maximum height. Usually accepted as
stock stored in carload or greater quantities. See also storage.
large-scale map
A map having a scale of 1:75,000 or larger. See also map.
large spread
A report by an observer or a spotter to the ship to
indicate that the distance between the bursts of a salvo is
excessive.
laser
Any device that can produce or amplify optical radiation
primarily by the process of controlled stimulated emission. A
laser may emit electromagnetic radiation from the ultraviolet
portion of the spectrum through the infrared portion. Also, an
acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of
radiation."
laser footprint
The projection of the laser beam and buffer zone on the
ground or target area. The laser footprint may be part of the
laser surface danger zone if that footprint lies within the
nominal visual hazard distance of the laser. See also buffer
zone; laser.
laser guidance unit
A device which incorporates a laser seeker to provide
guidance commands to the control system of a missile, projectile
or bomb.
laser guided weapon
A weapon which uses a seeker to detect laser energy
reflected from a laser marked/designated target and through
signal processing provides guidance commands to a control system
which guides the weapon to the point from which the laser energy
is being reflected. Also called LGW. See also laser.
laser illuminator
A device for enhancing the illumination in a zone of
action by irradiating with a laser beam.
laser intelligence
Technical and geo-location intelligence derived from laser
systems; a subcategory of electro-optical intelligence. Also
called LASINT. See also electro-optical intelligence;
intelligence.
laser linescan system
An active airborne imagery recording system which
uses a laser as the primary source of illumination to scan the
ground beneath the flight path, adding successive across-track
lines to the record as the vehicle advances. See also infrared
linescan system.
laser pulse duration
The time during which the laser output pulse power
remains continuously above half its maximum value.
laser rangefinder
A device which uses laser energy for determining the
distance from the device to a place or object.
laser seeker
A device based on a direction sensitive receiver
which detects the energy reflected from a laser designated
target and defines the direction of the target relative to the
receiver. See also laser guided weapon.
laser spot
The area on a surface illuminated by a laser. See also
laser; spot.
laser spot tracker
A device that locks on to the reflected energy from a
laser-marked or designated target and defines the direction of
the target relative to itself. Also called LST.
laser target designating system
A system which is used to direct (aim or point)
laser energy at a target. The system consists of the laser
designator or laser target marker with its display and control
components necessary to acquire the target and direct the beam
of laser energy thereon.
laser target designator
A device that emits a beam of laser energy which is used
to mark a specific place or object. Also called LTD. See also
laser; target.
laser-target/gun-target angle
The angle between the laser-to-target line and the laser
guided weapon/gun-target line at the point where they cross the
target. See also laser; laser guided weapon; target.
laser-target line
An imaginary straight line from the laser designator to
the target with respect to magnetic north. See also laser; laser
target designator; target.
laser target marker
See laser designator.
laser target marking system
See laser target designating system.
lashing
See tie down. (DOD only) See restraint of loads.
lashing point
See tie down point.
late
In artillery and naval gunfire support, a report
made to the observer or spotter, whenever there is a delay in
reporting "shot" by coupling a time in seconds with the report.
lateral gain
The amount of new ground covered laterally by
successive photographic runs over an area.
lateral route
A route generally parallel to the forward edge of
the battle area, which crosses, or feeds into, axial routes. See
also route.
lateral spread
A technique used to place the mean point of impact of two
or more units 100 meters apart on a line perpendicular to the
gun-target line.
lateral tell
See track telling.
latest arrival date
A day, relative to C-Day, that is specified by the
supported combatant commander as the latest date when a unit, a
resupply shipment, or replacement personnel can arrive at the
port of debarkation and support the concept of operations. Used
with the earliest arrival date, it defines a delivery window for
transportation planning. Also called LAD.
late time
See span of detonation (atomic demolition munition employment),
Part 3.
latitude band
Any latitudinal strip, designated by accepted units
of linear or angular measurement, which circumscribes the Earth.
Also called latitudinal band.
lattice
A network of intersecting positional lines printed
on a map or chart from which a fix may be obtained
launch pad
A concrete or other hard surface area on which a
missile launcher is positioned.
launch time
The time at which an aircraft or missile is scheduled to
be airborne. See also airborne order.
launch under attack
Execution by the President of Single Integrated
Operational Plan forces subsequent to tactical warning of
strategic nuclear attack against the United States and prior to
first impact. Also called LUA.
launch window
The earliest and latest time a rocket may launch.
laundering
In counterdrug operations, the process of transforming
drug money into a more manageable form while concealing its
illicit origin. Foreign bank accounts and dummy corporations are
used as shelters. See also counterdrug operations
law enforcement agency
Any of a number of agencies (outside the Department of
Defense) chartered and empowered to enforce US laws in the
following jurisdictions: The United States, a state (or
political subdivision) of the United States, a territory or
possession (or political subdivision) of the United States, or
within the borders of a host nation. Also called LEA.
law of armed conflict
See law of war.
law of war
That part of international law that regulates the conduct
of armed hostilities. Also called the law of armed conflict. See
also rules of engagement.
lay
1. Direct or adjust the aim of a weapon. 2. Setting of a
weapon for a given range, a given direction, or both. 3. To drop
one or more aerial bombs or aerial mines onto the surface from
an aircraft. 4. To spread a smoke screen on the ground from an
aircraft. 5. To calculate or project a course. 6. To lay on: a.
to execute a bomber strike; b. to set up a mission.
laydown bombing
A very low level bombing technique wherein delay
fuzes and/or devices are used to allow the attacker to escape
the effects of the bomb.
layer depth
The depth from the surface of the sea to the point above
the first major negative thermocline at which sound velocity is
maximum.
lay leader
A volunteer appointed by the commanding officer and
supervised and trained by the command chaplain to serve for a
period of time to meet the needs of a particular religious faith
group when their military chaplains are not available. The lay
leader may conduct services, but may not exercise any other
activities usually reserved for the ordained clergy. See also
command chaplain; combatant command chaplain; religious support;
religious support plan; religious support team.
lay reference number
In naval mine warfare, a number allocated to an
individual mine by the minefield planning authority to provide a
simple means of referring to it.
lead agency
Designated among US Government agencies to coordinate the
interagency oversight of the day-to-day conduct of an ongoing
operation. The lead agency is to chair the interagency working
group established to coordinate policy related to a particular
operation. The lead agency determines the agenda, ensures
cohesion among the agencies, and is responsible for implementing
decisions.
lead agent
An individual Service, combatant command, or Joint Staff
directorate assigned to develop and maintain a joint
publication. Also called LA. See also coordinating review
authority; joint doctrine; joint publication; primary review
authority.
lead aircraft
1. The airborne aircraft designated to exercise command of
other aircraft within the flight. 2. An aircraft in the van of
two or more aircraft.
lead mobility wing
An Air Mobility Command unit designated to provide an
on-call 32-member cross-functional initial response team (IRT)
for short-notice deployment in response to humanitarian crises.
When requested by a supported geographic combatant commander,
this IRT arrives at an airfield in the disaster area to provide
mobility expertise and leadership, assess the requirements for
follow-on relief forces, and establish a reception base to serve
as a conduit for relief supplies or the repatriation of
noncombatants. The IRT is attached to the joint task force
established by the supported geographic combatant commander.
Also called LMW. See also Air Mobility Command; mobility; wing.
lead nation
One nation assumes the responsibility for procuring and
providing a broad spectrum of logistic support for all or a part
of the multinational force and/or headquarters. Compensation
and/or reimbursement will then be subject to agreements between
the parties involved. The lead nation may also assume the
responsibility to coordinate logistics of the other nations
within its functional and regional area of responsibility. See
also logistic support; multinational force.
lead Service or agency for common-user logistics
A Service component or Department of Defense agency that
is responsible for execution of common-user item and service
support in a specific combatant command or multinational
operation as defined in the combatant or subordinate joint force
commander's operation plan, operation order, and/or directives.
See also common-user logistics.
leapfrog
Form of movement in which like supporting elements
are moved successively through or by one another along the axis
of movement of supported forces.
leaver
A merchant ship which breaks off from a convoy to
proceed to a different destination and becomes independent. Also
called convoy leaver. See also leaver convoy; leaver section.
leaver convoy
A convoy which has broken off from the main convoy
and is proceeding to a different destination. See also leaver;
leaver section.
leaver section
A group of ships forming part of the main convoy
which will subsequently break off to become leavers or a leaver
convoy. See also leaver; leaver convoy.
left (or right)
1. Terms used to establish the relative position of
a body of troops. The person using the terms "left" or "right"
is assumed to be facing in the direction of the enemy regardless
of whether the troops are advancing towards or withdrawing from
the enemy. 2. Correction used in adjusting fire to indicate that
a lateral shift of the mean point of impact perpendicular to the
reference line or spotting line is desired.
left (right) bank
That bank of a stream or river on the left (right) of the
observer when facing in the direction of flow or downstream.
letter of assist
A contractual document issued by the United Nations (UN)
to a government authorizing it to provide goods or services to a
peacekeeping operation; the UN agrees either to purchase the
goods or services or authorizes the government to supply them
subject to reimbursement by the UN. A letter of assist typically
details specifically what is to be provided by the contributing
government and establishes a funding limit that cannot be
exceeded. Also called LOA. See also peacekeeping.
letter of offer and acceptance
Standard Department of Defense form on which the US
Government documents its offer to transfer to a foreign
government or international organization US defense articles and
services via foreign military sales pursuant to the Arms Export
Control Act. Also called LOA. See also foreign military sales.
level of detail
Within the current joint planning and execution systems,
movement characteristics are described at five distinct levels
of detail. a. level I-aggregated level--Expressed as total
number of passengers and total short tons, total measurement
tons, total square feet, and/or total hundreds of barrels by
unit line number (ULN), cargo increment number (CIN), and
personnel increment number (PIN). b. level II-summary
level--Expressed as total number of passengers by ULN and PIN
and short tons, measurement tons (including barrels), total
square feet of bulk, oversize, outsize, and
non-air-transportable cargo by ULN and CIN. c. level III-detail
by cargo category--Expressed as total number of passengers by
ULN and PIN and short tons and/or measurement tons (including
barrels) as well as total square feet of cargo as identified by
the ULN or CIN three-position cargo category code. d. level
IV-detail expressed as number of passengers and individual
dimensional data (expressed in length, width, and height in
number of inches) of cargo by equipment type by ULN. e. level
V-detail by priority of shipment--Expressed as total number of
passengers by Service specialty code in deployment sequence by
ULN, individual weight (in pounds), and dimensional data
(expressed in length, width, and height in number of inches) of
equipment in deployment sequence by ULN.
level-of-effort munitions
In stockpile planning, munitions stocked on the
basis of expected daily expenditure rate, the number of combat
days, and the attrition rate assumed, to counter targets the
number of which is unknown. See also threat-oriented munitions.
level of effort-oriented items
Items for which requirements computations are based on
such factors as equipment and personnel density and time and
rate of use. See also combination mission/level of
effort-oriented items; mission-oriented items.
level of supply
The quantity of supplies or materiel authorized or
directed to be held in anticipation of future demands. See also
operating level of supply; order and shipping time; procurement
lead time; requisitioning objective; safety level of supply;
stockage objective.
leveraging
In information operations, the effective use of
information, information systems, and technology to increase the
means and synergy in accomplishing information operations
strategy. See also information; information operations;
information system; operation.
L-hour
See times.
liaison
That contact or intercommunication maintained between
elements of military forces or other agencies to ensure mutual
understanding and unity of purpose and action.
liberated territory
Any area, domestic, neutral, or friendly, which,
having been occupied by an enemy, is retaken by friendly forces.
licensed production
A direct commercial arrangement between a US company and a
foreign government, international organization, or foreign
company, providing for the transfer of production information
which enables the foreign government, international
organization, or commercial producer to manufacture, in whole or
in part, an item of US defense equipment. A typical license
production arrangement would include the functions of production
engineering, controlling, quality assurance and determining of
resource requirements. It may or may not include design
engineering information and critical materials production and
design information. A licensed production arrangement is
accomplished under the provisions of a manufacturing license
agreement per the US International Traffic in Arms Regulation
life cycle
The total phases through which an item passes from the
time it is initially developed until the time it is either
consumed in use or disposed of as being excess to all known
materiel requirements.
lifeguard submarine
A submarine employed for rescue in an area which
cannot be adequately covered by air or surface rescue facilities
because of enemy opposition, distance from friendly bases, or
other reasons. It is stationed near the objective and sometimes
along the route to be flown by the strike aircraft.
life support equipment
Equipment designed to sustain aircrew members and
passengers throughout the flight environment, optimizing their
mission effectiveness and affording a means of safe and reliable
escape, descent, survival, and recovery in emergency situations.
light artillery
See field artillery.
light damage
See nuclear damage, Part 1.
lightening
The operation (normally carried out at anchor) of
transferring crude oil cargo from a large tanker to a smaller
tanker, so reducing the draft of the larger tanker to enable it
to enter port.
lighterage
A small craft designed to transport cargo or personnel
from ship to shore. Lighterage includes amphibians, landing
craft, discharge lighters, causeways, and barges.
light filter
An optical element such as a sheet of glass,
gelatine, or plastic dyed in a specific manner to absorb
selectively light of certain colors.
light line
A designated line forward of which vehicles are
required to use black-out lights at night.
llightweight amphibious container handler
A United States Marine Corps piece of equipment usually
maneuvered by a bulldozer and used to retrieve 20-foot
equivalent containers from landing craft in the surf and place
them on flatbed truck trailers. See also container.
limited production-type item
An item under development, commercially available or
available from other Government agencies, for which an urgent
operational requirement exists and for which no other existing
item is suitable. Such an item appears to fulfill an approved
materiel requirement or other Military Department-approved
requirements and to be promising enough operationally to warrant
initiating procurement and/or production for service issue prior
to completion of development and/or test or adoption as a
standard item.
limited standard item
An item of supply determined by standardization action as
authorized for procurement only to support in-service military
materiel requirements.
limited war
Armed conflict short of general war, exclusive of
incidents, involving the overt engagement of the military forces
of two or more nations.
limiting factor
A factor or condition that, either temporarily or
permanently, impedes mission accomplishment. Illustrative
examples are transportation network deficiencies, lack of
in-place facilities, malpositioned forces or materiel, extreme
climatic conditions, distance, transit or overflight rights,
political conditions, etc.
limit of fire
1. The boundary marking off the area on which
gunfire can be delivered. 2. Safe angular limits for firing at
aerial targets
linear scale
See graphic scale; scale.
line of communications
A route, either land, water, and/or air, that connects an
operating military force with a base of operations and along
which supplies and military forces move. Also called LOC. See
also base of operations; route.
line of demarcation
A line defining the boundary of a buffer zone or area of
limitation. A line of demarcation may also be used to define the
forward limits of disputing or belligerent forces after each
phase of disengagement or withdrawal has been completed. See
also area of limitation; buffer zone; disengagement; peace
operat
line of departure
1. In land warfare, a line designated to coordinate
the departure of attack elements. 2. In amphibious warfare, a
suitably marked offshore coordinating line to assist assault
craft to land on designated beaches at scheduled times. Also
called LD.
line overlap
See overlap, Part 1.
line-route map
A map or overlay for signal communications operations that
shows the actual routes and types of construction of wire
circuits in the field. It also gives the locations of
switchboards and telegraph stations. See also map.
line search
Reconnaissance along a specific line of
communications, such as a road, railway or waterway, to detect
fleeting targets and activities in general.
lines of operations
Lines that define the directional orientation of the force
in time and space in relation to the enemy. They connect the
force with its base of operations and its objectives.
link
1. In communications, a general term used to
indicate the existence of communications facilities between two
points. 2. A maritime route, other than a coastal or transit
route, which links any two or more routes.
link element
The means (electromagnetic energy) used to convey data and
information between the space element and the terrestrial
element of a space system. See also link.
link encryption
The application of online crypto-operation to a link of a
communications system so that all information passing over the
link is encrypted in its entirety.
link-lift vehicle
The conveyance, together with its operating personnel,
used to satisfy a movement requirement between nodes.
link-route segments
Route segments that connect nodes wherein link-lift
vehicles perform the movement function.
liquid explosive
Explosive which is fluid at normal temperatures.
liquid propellant
Any liquid combustible fed to the combustion chamber of a
rocket engine.
listening watch
A continuous receiver watch established for the reception
of traffic addressed to, or of interest to, the unit maintaining
the watch, with complete log optional.
list of targets
A tabulation of confirmed or suspect targets maintained by
any echelon for informational and fire support planning
purposes. See also target list.
litter
A basket or frame utilized for the transport of injured
persons.
litter patient
A patient requiring litter accommodations while in
transit.
load
The total weight of passengers and/or freight
carried on board a ship, aircraft, train, road vehicle, or other
means of conveyance. See also airlift capability; airlift
requirement; allowable load.
load control group
Personnel who are concerned with organization and
control of loading within the pick-up zone.
loading
The process of putting personnel, materiel, supplies
and other freight on board ships, aircraft, trains, road
vehicles, or other means of conveyance. See also embarkation.
loading chart (aircraft)
Any one of a series of charts carried in an aircraft that
shows the proper location for loads to be transported and that
pertains to check-lists, balance records, and clearances for
weight and balance.
loading (ordnance)
An operation that installs airborne weapons and stores on
or in an aircraft and may include fuzing of bombs and stray
voltage checks. See also loading; ordnance.
loading plan
All of the individually prepared documents which,
taken together, present in detail all instructions for the
arrangement of personnel, and the loading of equipment for one
or more units or other special grouping of personnel or material
moving by highway, water, rail, or air transportation. See also
ocean manifest.
loading point
A point where one aircraft can be loaded or
unloaded.
loading site
An area containing a number of loading points.
loading time
In airlift operations, a specified time, established
jointly by the airlift and airborne commanders concerned, when
aircraft and loads are available and loading is to begin.
loadmaster
An Air Force technician qualified to plan loads, to
operate auxiliary materials handling equipment, and to supervise
loading and unloading of aircraft.
load signal
In evasion and recovery operations, a visual signal
displayed in a covert manner to indicate the presence of an
individual or object at a given location. See also evasion;
evasion and recovery; recovery operations; signal.
load spreader
Material used to distribute the weight of a load
over a given area to avoid exceeding designed stress.
localizer
A directional radio beacon which provides to an
aircraft an indication of its lateral position relative to a
predetermined final approach course. See also instrument landing
system.
local mean time
The time interval elapsed since the mean sun's
transit of the observer's anti-meridian.
local procurement
The process of obtaining personnel, services, supplies,
and equipment from local or indigenous sources.
local purchase
The function of acquiring a decentralized item of supply
from sources outside the Department of Defense.
lock on
Signifies that a tracking or target-seeking system is
continuously and automatically tracking a target in one or more
coordinates (e.g., range, bearing, elevation).
lodgment
A designated area in a hostile or potentially hostile
territory that, when seized and held, makes the continuous
landing of troops and materiel possible, and provides maneuver
space for subsequent operations. See also hostile.
lodgment area
See airhead, Part 1; beachhead.
loft bombing
A method of bombing in which the delivery plane approaches
the target at a very low altitude, makes a definite pullup at a
given point, releases the bomb at a predetermined point during
the pullup, and tosses the bomb onto the target. See also toss
bombing.
logistic and movement control center
A center organized from service support elements (or the
supporting establishment) in the geographic proximity of the
marshaling units. It is tasked by the force movement control
center to provide organic and commercial transportation,
transportation scheduling, materials handling equipment, and all
other logistic support required by parent commands during
marshaling and embarkation. Also called LMCC. See also control
center; embarkation; force movement; marshalling.
logistic assessment
An evaluation of: a. the logistic support required to
support particular military operations in a theater, country, or
area; and b. the actual and/or potential logistic support
available for the conduct of military operations either within
the theater, country, or area, or located elsewhere.
logistic estimate of the situation
An appraisal resulting from an orderly examination of the
logistic factors influencing contemplated courses of action in
order to provide conclusions concerning the degree and manner of
that influence.
logistic implications test
An analysis of the major logistic aspects of a joint
strategic war plan and the consideration of the logistic
implications resultant therefrom as they may limit the
acceptability of the plan. The logistic analysis and
consideration are conducted concurrently with the development of
the strategic plan. The objective is to establish whether the
logistic requirements generated by the plan are in balance with
availabilities, and to set forth those logistic implications
that should be weighed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff in their
consideration of the plan. See also feasibility test.
logistic marking and reading symbology
A system designed to improve the flow of cargo through the
seaport of embarkation and debarkation using bar code
technology. See also logistics.
logistic routes
See line of communications.
logistics
The science of planning and carrying out the movement and
maintenance of forces. In its most comprehensive sense, those
aspects of military operations that deal with: a. design and
development, acquisition, storage, movement, distribution,
maintenance, evacuation, and disposition of materiel; b.
movement, evacuation, and hospitalization of personnel; c.
acquisition or construction, maintenance, operation, and
disposition of facilities; and d. acquisition or furnishing of
services.
logistic sourcing
The identification of the origin and determination of the
availability of the time-phased force and deployment data
nonunit logistic requirements.
logistics over-the-shore operation area
That geographic area required to successfully conduct a
logistics over-the-shore operation. Also called LOA. See also
logistics over-the-shore operations.
logistics over-the-shore operations
The loading and unloading of ships without the benefit of
deep draft-capable, fixed port facilities in friendly or
nondefended territory and, in time of war, during phases of
theater development in which there is no opposition by the
enemy; or as a means of moving forces closer to tactical
assembly areas dependent on threat force capabilities. Also
called LOTS operations. See also joint logistics over-the-shore
operations.
logistic support
Logistic support encompasses the logistic services,
materiel, and transportation required to support the continental
United States-based and worldwide deployed forces.
logistic support (medical)
Medical care, treatment, hospitalization, and evacuation
as well as the furnishing of medical services, supplies,
materiel, and adjuncts thereto.
logistic support (medical)
Medical care, treatment, hospitalization, and evacuation
as well as the furnishing of medical services, supplies,
materiel, and adjuncts thereto.
long-range bomber aircraft
A bomber designed for a tactical operating radius over
2,500 nautical miles at design gross weight and design bomb
load.
long-range transport aircraft
See transport aircraft.
long ton
2,240 pounds. Also called LT; L/T; or LTON.
look
In mine warfare, a period during which a mine
circuit is receptive of an influence.
loran
A long-range radio navigation position fixing system
using the time difference of reception of pulse type
transmissions from two or more fixed stations. This term is
derived from the words long-range electronic navigation.
lot
Specifically, a quantity of material all of which was
manufactured under identical conditions and assigned an
identifying lot number.
low airburst
The fallout safe height of burst for a nuclear
weapon which maximizes damage to or casualties on surface
targets. See also types of burst.
low-altitude missile engagement zone
See weapon engagement zone.
low-altitude parachute extraction system
A low-level, self-contained system capable of delivering
heavy loads into an area where air landing is not feasible from
an optimum aircraft wheel altitude of 5 to 10 feet above ground
level. One or more platforms may be dropped. Also called LAPES.
low angle
In artillery and naval gunfire support, an order or
request to obtain low angle fire.
low angle fire
Fire delivered at angles of elevation below the
elevation that corresponds to the maximum range of the gun and
ammunition concerned.
low angle loft bombing
Type of loft bombing of free fall bombs wherein
weapon release occurs at an angle less than 35 degrees above the
horizontal. See also loft bombing.
low dollar value item
An item that normally requires considerably less
management effort than those in the other management intensity
groupings
low level flight
See terrain flight.
low level transit route
A temporary corridor of defined dimensions
established in the forward area to minimize the risk to friendly
aircraft from friendly air defenses or surface forces. Also
called LLTR.
low oblique
See oblique air photograph.
low velocity drop
A drop procedure in which the drop velocity does not
exceed 30 feet per second.
low visibility operations
Sensitive operations wherein the political-military
restrictions inherent in covert and clandestine operations are
either not necessary or not feasible; actions are taken as
required to limit exposure of those involved and/or their
activities. Execution of these operations is undertaken with the
knowledge that the action and/or sponsorship of the operation
may preclude plausible denial by the initiating power.
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